关键词： 分子特征   变异株   流行现状   感染现状   治疗与防控   致病性   疫苗  

摘要： 新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株已波及全球超过150个国家和地区,且儿童病例数显著增加。本文综述了Omicron变异株的分子特征及其在儿童中的传播能力、致病性、流行现状、临床特征和疫苗的有效性,为儿童Omicron变异株感染的治疗与防控提供参考。

关键词： 图书馆   应急服务   新冠肺炎  

摘要： 新冠疫情是突发重大公共卫生事件。对于国内公共图书馆而言,在突发重大公共卫生事件中如何发挥专业优势做好信息保障工作,提升信息传递水平,做好应急管理与服务,是需要思考和研究的重要课题。文章通过分析新冠肺炎疫情中省级公共图书馆应急信息服务实践的情况,指出其中存在的问题,主要包括应急信息服务缺乏系统性、时效性、特色性,并从建立应急信息服务机制、提高应急信息服务意识、提高应急信息服务技术支撑水平、加强与应急信息服务有关的资源建设等4个方面提出了建议。

关键词： Citespace   气溶胶   新冠肺炎   新冠病毒  

摘要： 目的以"气溶胶-新冠肺炎/新冠病毒"为中心,进行文献计量和可视化分析,归纳与展望该领域研究的发展历程、研究热点变化及趋势。方法利用文献计量学分析软件Citespace,对Web of Science核心数据集数据库检索得到的文献进行统计分析。其中针对发文国家,发文研究机构进行共现分析及可视化图谱绘制,对文献关键词进行共现分析及聚类时间线分析,同时对文献进行共被引聚类网络分析及可视化图谱绘制。结果美中两国分别以998及527篇占据发文量前两位;其中中国科学院发文量最多,为80篇;英法两国研究机构在共现网络的中介中心性评估中取得较高的分数。各有12个聚类被纳入文献共被引聚类分析及文献关键词聚类时间线分析中。关键词频次及共现网络分析中,"空气传播(airborne transmission)"、"温度(temperature)"及"相对湿度(relative humidity)"出现频次较高。结论中国及北美研究机构的发文数量高于其他国家,但跨区域合作与英国及北欧的研究机构相比较少。目前研究主要集中于由携带病毒气溶胶导致的感染风险评估,人群密集场所中气溶胶的测定及有效控制正逐渐成为新的研究热点之一。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   新冠2号   分子对接   SARS-CoV-23L水解酶   组织蛋白酶L   活性成分  

摘要： 目的:通过分子对接技术,筛选“新冠2号”中干预新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)核心药物及其活性成分。方法:根据处方中药组分,通过ETCM、TCMID、TCMSP数据库收集“新冠2号”所有中药化学小分子;结合相关文献选取SARS-CoV-23L水解酶(Mpro)和组织蛋白酶L(Cathepsin L,CTSL)两种蛋白酶作为靶蛋白,将处理后小分子作为配体与两种处理过的靶蛋白进行分子对接筛选。结果:归纳“新冠2号”所含小分子,收集化合物共1720个,其中连翘酯苷F、厚朴苷B、1,2,3,4,6-五-O-没食子酰-β-d-葡萄糖等13个小分子与靶蛋白有较好亲和力,可能为干预新冠肺炎的活性成分。结论:从“新冠2号”处方中筛选出连翘中连翘酯苷F、半夏中1,2,3,4,6-五-O-没食子酰-β-d-葡萄糖、厚朴中厚朴苷B等13个小分子能与新型冠状病毒靶点结合,符合中医药“多成分-多靶点”学说,为寻找Mpro、CTSL抑制剂分子提供参考。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎   无症状感染者   心理困扰   影响因素  

摘要： 目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)无症状感染者的心理困扰状况,分析可能存在的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,选取2022年4-5月上海市某方舱医院291例新冠肺炎无症状感染者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、凯斯勒心理困扰调查表、领悟社会支持量表及一般自我效能量表对其进行调查,采用Logistic回归分析其心理困扰的相关影响因素。结果291例新冠肺炎无症状感染者心理困扰中位数得分为[17.00(11.00,21.00)]分,56.7%的无症状感染者存在心理困扰,Logistic回归模型显示,存在不适感(OR=0.477,95%CI:0.289~0.785)是心理困扰的危险因素,自我效能感(OR=0.958,95%CI:0.926~0.992)是心理困扰的保护因素。结论新冠肺炎无症状感染者存在一定程度的心理困扰,存在不适感是心理困扰的危险因素,自我效能感是心理困扰的保护因素,建议医护人员对存在不适感的无症状感染者给予更多的关注,同时提高该类人群的自我效能感。

关键词： 新冠肺炎   学校传染病   预防控制   影响  

摘要： 面对未来新冠病毒变异及疫情发展方向的不确定性,国内新冠疫情实行"动态清零"的防控政策。学校传染病防控一直是当前学校卫生工作的重心,系统性分析学校传染病流行现状以及持续不断的新冠疫情对学校传染病的影响,并提出合理防治对策十分必要。国内疫情防控正步入多点散发、多链传播的常态化阶段,探讨学校传染病防控策略,为学校传染病工作实践提供借鉴,具有重要意义。

关键词： Fractional Integral Operators   COVID-19 Model   Fixed-Point Method   Fuzzy Mapping  

摘要： The use of mathematical modeling in the exploration of epidemiological disorders has increased dramatically. Mathematical models can be used to forecast how viral infections spread, as well as to depict the likely outcome of an outbreak and to support public health measures. In this paper, we present useful ideas for finding existence of solutions of the novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 model via fractional derivatives by using fuzzy mappings. Three classes of fractional operators were considered including Atangana-Baleanu, Caputo-Fabrizio and Caputo. For each case, we introduce the fuzzination in the study of the existence of a system of solutions. A fresh numerical scheme was proposed for each scenario, and then numerical simulations involving various parameters of Atangana-Baleanu fractional-order were shown utilizing numerical solutions.

关键词： THROMBOCYTOPENIA  

摘要： Until now, there are more than two hundred million confirmed cases of COVID-19 including more than seven million deaths. Clinical trials of all three vaccines authorized for use in the UK (Pfizer-BioNTech, Oxford-AstraZeneca, and Moderna) have reported high vaccine efficacy. This rapid systematic review was initiated because no systematic review had been conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Evidence acquisition: A systematic search in the following platforms: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, WOS, and MEDLINE databases for all articles in the English language regarding safety and efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 was performed. Papers published up to end of June were included. Evidence synthesis: Out of 477 retrieved articles, fifteen are included. All the selected articles are concerned with evaluation of AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Three of them discussed the effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, while thirteen (one is common with the group of the effectiveness) measured the adverse effects associated with the vaccine. Because thrombosis was recorded as a serious adverse effect developed after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination, it was emphasized in a special group to be analyzed separately. In conclusion: the main message of selected papers was that the value of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination to provide critical protection should be considered higher compared to the significant worldwide burden of the emerging COVID-19 infection. No causal relations were found to link cases- having thrombotic adverse reactions to the vaccine.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2   Neutralizing antibodies   CoronaVac   BTN162b2   Ad5-nCoV   MESSENGER-RNA  

摘要： Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can be indicators of collective immunity, vaccine efficacy, and the longevity of the humoral response. This study aimed to compare reactogenicity and NAbs generated by three different COVID-19 vaccine platforms in individuals with and without prior COVID-19. 336 individuals vaccinated (112 with CoronaVac [inactivated virus], 112 with BNT162b2 [messenger RNA], and 112 with Ad5-nCoV [nonreplicating viral vector]) were included. NAbs were quantified with the cPass SARS-CoV-2 kit. Individuals immunized with the Ad5-nCoV showed higher reactogenicity than those immunized with the other vaccines (p < 0.001). The BTN162b2 vaccine-induced NAbs with higher inhibition capacity than the other platforms in the first dose. In individuals without prior COVID-19, the Ad5-nCoV vaccine generated lower NAbs against SARS-CoV-2 than those induced by two doses of the BTN162b2 (Ad5-nCoV 72.10 [55.6-93.4] vs. BTN162b2 98.41 [98.1698.56], p < 0.0001). One individual did not generate NAbs (0.89%) after a complete immunization with CoronaVac; in BTN162b2, all generated these antibodies, and in the Ad5-nCoV group, four individuals (3.57%) did not generate NAbs. Comorbidities, gender, age, and reactogenicity did not significantly influence the generation of NAbs (p > 0.05); however, a history of COVID-19 before vaccination was associated with antibodies with greater neutralizing capacity after the first dose (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the mRNA vaccine (BTN162b2) had a remarkable better ability to produce NAbs and lower reactogenicity than the other platforms, whereas the Ad5-nCov vaccine induced the lowest NAbs response in individuals without a history of COVID-19; therefore, we suggest that a booster could benefit these individuals.

关键词： COVID-19   Vaccine   ChAdOx1 nCoV-19   Rhabdomyolysis   Compartment syndrome